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Other
sectors
France is Turkey's fourth biggest trade
partner. French exports are made up of over 90%
industrial goods with high added value. The strong
presence of three French car manufacturers,
especially Renault, which is the biggest foreign
investor in Turkey in any sector, makes up most of
this movement, as well as sales of distribution
materials and electrical controls, refined petrol
products, chemical products for industrial use and
electronic components.
The telecommunications sector is one of the most
flourishing, due to the developement of the mobile
phone. On the other hand, the country is still
behind in Internet users.
Population
Population : 63,451,000, the total population
density is 82 inhabitants per km2.
There are over ten million inhabitants in
Istanbul.
Population breakdown :
0-14 year olds : 29.53%
15-64 year olds : 65%
65 years and over : 5.47%
Working age population (15-65 ) : 41 million, of
which 30 million are working (55% in industry and
services).
Life expectancy : 69.26 years
Urban population : 72.86%
Level of
Developement (latest available statistics)
demographic growth 1997-2015 (%) : +1.2
infant mortality (%) : 4
energy consumption per capita TOE : 1.05
population without drinking water (% pop) : 51
population without sanitary installations (% pop) :
20
n° of doctors per 1000 inhabitants : 1.1
telephone lines per 1000 inhabitants : 250
mobile telephones per 1000 inhabitants : 26
private cars per 1000 inhabitants : 59
n° of computers per 1000 inhabitants :
20.7
adult illiteracy (%) : 17
secondary schooling/age group (%) : 56
graduates/age group (%) : 18
Ethnic
composition :
- 80% Turks,
- 20% Kurds
The
minorities are all sources of conflict, whether
they are Kurdish or Armenians on Turkish territory
or Turks living in Bulgaria or Cypris.
Language
Turkish, Kurdish, Arab.
For business, English and German are currently
spoken.
Historically
Turkey was the core of the Ottoman Empire and
several populations speak Turkish all over the
East. Turkish is spoken by 150 million people in
the world.
Religion
The main religion is Islam.
Sunnites Muslims : 99.8%
Christians : 0.2%
Weights,
measures & voltage
The metric system is in use. Electricity : 220
volts with European style plugs.
Money
1 Turkish pound (TRL) = 0.00001 French
francs
1 franc = 137,380 Turkish pounds
1 euro = 972,210 Turkish pounds
International
credit cards : Visa, American Express and
Mastercard are accepted in the larger
towns.
Exchange
regulations
There is no limit to profits, invested capital
and eventual appreciations being repatriated.
Transfering money presents no difficulties. The
pound is convertible and there is no exchange
control.
Main towns
Ankara (Ancyre) : The capital : museum of
Anatolian civilizations, tomb of Ataturk
(1881-1938) the founder of modern Turkey.
Istanbul (Constantinople) : Ancient Byzantine and
Ottoman capital, Istanbul is build on the west bank
of the Bosphorus, on a detroit which separates
Europe from Asia. The city is also cut in half by a
small sea inlet, the Golden Horn.
Bursa (Brousse) : Green city, the hometown of
Karaguz, the Turkish 'Punch'. A spa which was the
capital for a while, with the tombs of sultans and
gardens : Green mausoleum, Osman's mausoleum
(founder of the Osman Empire 1281-1923).
Izmir (Smyrne) : Opulant and haughty, to the south
and the north of the town stretches the 2800 kms of
the Aegean coast. Beautiful synagogue, gymnasium
bounded by the River Pactole.
Climate
The climate is temperate, mild and
Mediterranean. The best seasons to visit Turkey are
spring and autumn as summer is often too hot,
especially on the high plateau in the interior.
Winter is cold and it snows in the centre of the
country and freezes in the east.
Average
temperatures (max/min) :
..................................J
........F .......M .......A .........M ..........J
...........J ..........A ...........S ..........O
........N ........D
Istanbul
................8/3 ....9/2 .....11/3 ....16/7
....21/12 ...25/16 ...28/18 ....28/19 ....24/16
...20/13 ...15/9 ....11/5
Trabz1....................1/5
...10/4 ....12/5 ....15/8 ....19/13 ...23/17
...26/20 ....26/20 ....23/17 ...20/14 ..17/10
...13/7
Ankara (900m)
....4/-4 ....5/-3 ....11/0 ....17/4 ....22/9
....27/13 ....30/15 ....30/15 ....26/11 ....20/7
....13/3 ....6/-1
Insects
& animals Scorpions. Mosquitoes from March
to November, which are very active after nightfall.
They are more numerous on the south coast and in
the centre of the country.
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